The event Pre-COP Stakeholder Consultation: Challenges of Unilateral Measures and How to Overcome Them will take place on October 17, 2025, from 9:00 am to 6:00 pm, at the FGV School of International Relations in São Paulo. Participants from outside São Paulo will be accommodated at the Hotel Paulista Wall Street. Registration starts at 8:30 am.

In an increasingly fractured global trade order, the European Union’s unilateral sustainability regulations—particularly the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) and the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)—are reshaping supply chains and raising new challenges for producers, governments, and civil society in Brazil. This consultation will convene key actors to debate how to adapt to these measures, how to minimize negative impacts, and how to seize opportunities for more sustainable trade. Special attention will be given to the tensions between unilateral regulation, domestic political responses, and prospects for renewed international cooperation.

Central Questions

• How can Brazilian sectors remain competitive under fragmented sustainability standards?

• Who bears the costs of compliance, and how should they be shared across borders?

• Do the EUDR and CBAM genuinely incentivize sustainable production, or do they exacerbate inequalities?

• How do these measures affect vulnerable communities, such as traditional peoples and regions dependent on primary exports?

• What governance mechanisms—national or multilateral—are still relevant in a fractured order?

• What forms of cross-actor coordination (state, private sector, NGOs, international organizations) are most viable under current geopolitical uncertainty?

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